非常感谢大家对反义疑问句 六大句型-高三网问题集合的贡献。我会努力给出简明扼要的回答,并根据需要提供一些具体实例来支持我的观点,希望这能给大家带来一些新的思路。

高三英语单选题(高三英语单选题 跪求答案!!!!!!!)

高三英语单选题

1.应该选C,因为对于将要发生的事情还没有发生的话不能用didn't,所以需要用haven't

但是对于这个问题有以下几种说法:

情态动词+动词完成时,即情态动词+have+done.表示对过去的行为或动作进行推测,评论或者判断.

1.must have done.

表示对过去某事的肯定猜测,其否定或疑问形式都用can/could来表示。

例如:since the road is wet,it must have rained last night.

2;当然对现在发生或者将来发生的事情,要用must do表示猜测,否定为can’t do

he must understand that we mean business.

you must be hungry after a long walk.

反意疑问句中含有Must的情况主要有以下几种:

1)作为情态动词表“必须”,这时反意疑问句直接用mustn'/needn't

2)当must表示推测时又分以下几种情况:

a:对现在事实的推测,反意疑问句与must后面的动词呼应,如:

You must be joking,aren't you ?

b:对过去事实的推测,表示动作的时候用did 当助动词,表示状态时用was,如:

Mr Green must have been punished for his being rude at the meeting,didn‘t he ?(格林先生一定因为昨天在会上鲁莽的行为被处罚了,是吗?) 被处罚表示一个动作

She must have been a policeman ,wasn't she ?(她过去一定是个警察,是吗?) 是警察表示一种状态

对现在情况的推测,问句部分用主动词(do,be)一般现在时的适当形式。若是现在进行时,问句部分用现在进行时的适当形式表示。若是there be结构,问句用isn't/aren't there。如:

1)He must be there,isn't he?

2)He must have a big family,doesn't he?

3)He must be waiting outside,isn't he?

4)There must be some students in the room,aren't there?

对已发生的过去情况的推测,若陈述句谓语部分有“must have done”,而且有表示过去的时间状语,问句部分用didn't;若没有表示过去的时间状语,问句部分用haven't或hasn't。如:

1)They must have gone there last night,didn't they?

2)They must have arrived by now,haven't they?(根据by now来判断)

3)They must have been to the Great Wall,haven't they?

若是被动,应按被动结构来处理。如:

1)The room must have been cleaned yesterday,wasn't it?

2)The room must have been cleaned,hasn't it?

若句中有表示过去完成时的时间状语,问句部分应用hadn't.如:

They must have learnt 5000 English words by the end of last term,hadn't they?

(本题中must表推测,如果将它去掉,还原为真实句就是They had learnt 5000 English words by the end of last term.因此,反意问句是hadn't)

这是一个老师对这个问题的考据贴

这是咱中国老师特喜欢出的考题。

He must have come yesterday, (mustn't he, didn't he, hasn't he)?

我曾经在网上请教过本族语英语老师,他们众说纷纭,最后不了了之。其中一位加拿大老师坚持用mustn't he,理由是反意疑问句的作用就是要求对方证实,根据语法规则,上半句用哪个助动词,反意疑问句还用哪个助动词;另一位加拿大老师坚持用didn't he, 理由是mustn't he = mustn't he have come yesterday?因为must表示逻辑推断不用于疑问句,所以不对。通过他们的没有结论的辩论透露出一个信息:本族语的人们在讲话中说到He must have come yesterday,很肯定,很少会要求对方证实。带着这个猜测,我上reference.com的网页,键入"must have come", 得到40500个结果,再键入 "must have come, mustn't"和"must have come, didn't",must have come, hasn't, 结果竟然都是零!

但下面这个句子就很合理:

You could have left it on the bus, couldn't you? 这个句子来自《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》could条,说话人并没有用didn't you进行反意提问。这难道不发人深思吗?建议我们中国老师不要出

He must have come yesterday, (mustn't he, didn't he)?

这样的题目为难学生了。我希望能够有更多的老师能够教学生以实践语言中真正有用的东西,而不是以按语法规则造句甚至以游戏语法规则为乐。

2.B,选B是因为突出强调东西就是不工作,will表示意愿而不是将要干某事

3.B,表示将要得到,,上边已经说不要担心了,所以肯定会有书的,不能选may.

SHALL用法如下

shall

(尤其注意第四条,常考!!)

1. (用于第一人称,表示将来)将,会

I shall be thirty next year.

明年我就三十岁了。

2. (用在问句中表示征求对方意见,主要用于第一、第三人称)...好吗?要不要...?

Shall we begin now?

我们现在开始好吗?

Shall I wait outside?

我在外面等好吗?

Shall I turn on the lights?

我开灯好吗?

3. (用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等)必须,应,可

You shall have it back next week.

下星期一定还你。

He shall stay in bed.

他必须躺在床上。

He says he won't go, but I say he shall.

他说他不去,但我说他必须去。

4. (用在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定,一般用于第三人称)应,必须

Intruders shall be punished.

非法闯入者将遭处罚。

4.D,这个意思是说,有一点事情你是可以确认的,就是英国人喜欢说天气。can在这表示可以,能够

5.whatever=no matter what

一道高三英语选择题

这句话的意思是:我觉得他不可能昨天晚上独立做完,难道不是么?

这句话要反义疑问的是:

1.他独立做“这部分 ,说话者认为他不可能,所以应该反义成可能。

2.could have done可以理解成是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,could不是动词,而是固定表达。所以表现的是过去时态,反义时应该是对过去的反义。

所以应该选择C

They must have been to the USA,have not they?与He must have been to the USA,was not he?区别

你好,你没有搞懂这些句子的用法:

在这两个句子中,因为都没有时间状语的修饰,所以句子发生的时间不确定,答案也不确定,请你看以下的句子,

They must have been to the USA,haven't they?

He must have been to the USA,hasn't he?

这两个句子都是对的,因为都没有时间状语,可以翻译为:

他(们)到过美国,是吗?

但是加一个状语则变为以下的两个句子:

They must have been to the USA last year,weren't they?

He must have been to the USA last year,wasn't he?

因为,这两个句子都表示去年去了美国这个具体的时间发生的事,所以要用一般过去时态.

又如下面的这个句子:

It must have rained last night,didn't it ?

It must have rained ,hasn't it?

高三英语单选题 跪求答案!!!!!!!

很赞赏上面八位的热情。但可惜都没真正弄懂。

1, COULD/MUST+HAVE +过去分词表示猜测时,其反意问句要把它还原成事实再选择。这时有两种情况,一,用一般过去时(通常带有表示过去的时间)例如,HE MUST HAVE COME BACK LAST NIGHT。 还原成事实就是 HE CAME BACK LAST NIGHT。选择TAG QESTION就是DIDNT HE?ER 二,用现在完成时。如 ,HE COULD NOT HAVE COME BACK。还原成事实就是。HE HAS NOT COME BACK。选择TAG QESTION就是HAS HE?再如:I THINK YOU MUST HAVE KNOWN HIM FOR A LONG TIME ,HAVENT YOU?I DONT THINK HE COULD HAVE BEEN ILL YESTERDAY,WAS HE ?

第二题

B. showed 意思是显示,表明 C. proved 是证明是。。当然选C

3定语从句修饰的可以是特指的词也可以是类指的词,看意思。如HE SHOWED ME THE BOOK THAT HE BOUGHT YESTERDAY。他给我看昨天买的那本书(只买一本)。HE SHOWED ME A BOOK THAT HE BOUGHT YESTERDAY。他给我看昨天买的一本书(不只买一本),因为在一切共事合作愉快的不只一个经理吧?就好似HE IS A TEACHER WE ALL LOVE 一样。所以第一空用不定冠词A。第二空也用不定冠词A是因为PLEASURE作一件愉快的事解时是可数名词,类似用法还有SUCCESS,FAILURE等如THE MEETING IS A SUCCESS。

4,有些词组成的词组如BE FACED WITH(面临。。)/ BE EXPOSED TO(暴露于)BE BASED ON(基于。)等与汉语相差太远,如果从词性入手再分析其逻辑主语中国学生难理解。这样记好了:这些词组如果用来做谓语就保留BE动词,做定语,或状语则省去BE。如FACED WITH A CRITICAL CHOICE,HE TURNED TO HIS TEACHER。(由于面临关键的选择,他求教于老师)THE REPORT,BASED ON THE INVESTIGATION,WAS QUITE ACCEPTABLE。

5特殊疑问句的强调句式是:疑问词+IS/WAS +IT +THAT +其他如,WHEN DID HE COME HERE ?=WHEN WAS IT THAT HE CAME HERE?(THAT不能省略)/WHY ARE YOU WITH HER HERE ?=WHY IS IT THAT YOU ARE WITH HER HERE ?如改为宾语从句则用陈述句词序。TELL ME WHY IT IS THAT YOU ARE。。。

6POPULATION作人口解是单数,作(某地区)的所有的人解是复数。这里是后者。这样就可以不考虑B和C两项,另外作人口解是物,用WHICH 作(某地区)的所有的人解是人,用WHOM(做介词宾语),再如,HIS FAMILY,WHICH IS A BIG ONE,IS VERY POOR。HIS FAMILY ,WHO ARE ALL FOOTBALL-LOVERS ,ARE WATCHING A MATCH。

虚拟语气should have done的反义疑问句,用什么反问

如果主句没有明显的时间状语,就用shouldn't +主语。

如果主句有明显的时间状语,就要用hadn't +主语。

如下题所示

They should have informed you of the result of the competition by the time it was eventually given out, _____D______?

A. haven't they B. didn't they C. shouldn't they D. hadn't they.

They should have informed you of the result of the competition, _____C______?

A. haven't they B. didn't they C. shouldn't they D. hadn't they.

英语学习方法

1、英语基础

要想学好高三英语,英语基础是必须学好的,英语基础没有想象中的那么难,不管是单词还是句型、语法。

在高三复习的第一轮复习中,关于复习系会和语言点,一定要注意听,哪怕是一节课掌握几个短语也行,至于课后就自己拿起高中英语书,从单词背起,考英语一定要有词汇基础,否则什么都是白搭。

2、词典不离手

当在学习高三英语的时候,遇到不会的单词就要查,看到相近的单词分不清也得查明白,不要求自己一遍记住,就看一看给自己一个印象,大概一个单词你查五遍的时候就能记住了。

另外,一定要看英文解释!这个是避免完形填空选项中英语翻译发生歧义很有用的方法,希望能够帮助到大家。

初中英语

(一)、及物动词与不及物动词

英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可把动词分成及物动词与和及物动词。

1.及物动词: 字典里词后标有vt. 的就是及物动词。及物动词后必须跟有动作的对象(即宾语),可直接跟宾语。see 看见 (vt.) +宾语 I can see a boy.

2.不及物动词:字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词。不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象(即宾语)。若要跟宾语,必须先在其后添加上某个介词,如to,of ,at后方可跟上宾语。

具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得背动词短语了,如listen to,look at…..

3. 宾语(动作的对象):是名词或代词,或相当于名词的词或短语(如动名词)。其它词不看作动作的对象呢。

4.举例:“看”

(1)see 看见 (vt.) +宾语 I can see a boy.

(2)look 看 (vi.) x宾语(即不能直接加宾语). Look! She is singing.

Look carefully! (注意:carefully 是副词,不是名词,故不作宾语哟)

(3)look at 看…….+宾语 Look at me carefully! (me是代词,作宾语了)

(二)、什么是反意疑问句

前面是肯定,后面就否定

前面是否定,后面就肯定

eg:

1.It is a find day,isn't it?

2.It isn't a find day,is it?

前面是肯定,后面就否定

前面是否定,后面就肯定

eg:

1.It is a find day,isn't it?

2.It isn't a find day,is it?

(三)初中英语八种时态归纳复习

l 时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容,广大初中学生在实际运用时,往往对时态总是倍感棘手,下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。

一、 一般现在时:

l 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

l 时间状语:

always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,

l 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词

l 否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。

l 一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

二、 一般过去时:

l 概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

l 时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

l 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词

l 否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

l 一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。

三、 现在进行时:

l 概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

l 时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.

l 基本结构:am/is/are+doing

l 否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.

l 一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。

四、 过去进行时:

l 概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

l 时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

l 基本结构:was/were+doing

l 否定形式:was/were + not + doing.

l 一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。

五、 现在完成时:

l 概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

l 时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.

l 基本结构:have/has + done

l 否定形式:have/has + not +d one.

l 一般疑问句:have或has。

六、 过去完成时:

l 概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。

l 时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.

l 基本结构:had + done.

l 否定形式:had + not + done.

l 一般疑问句:had放于句首。

七、 一般将来时:

l 概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

l 时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.

l 基本结构:①am/is/are/going to + do;②will/shall + do.

l 否定形式:①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

l 一般疑问句:①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。

八、 过去将来时:

l 概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

l 时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.

l 基本结构:①was/were/going to + do;②would/should + do.

l 否定形式:①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do.

l 一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②would/should 提到句首。

l Ⅱ. 几种常见时态的相互转换

l 英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换,以下是几种常见的转换形式:

一、 一般过去时与现在完成时的转换

n 在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是,可用别的表达方式:①瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中;②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;③瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思,主句一般用it is来代替It has been;④瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看:

A. He joined the League two years ago.

B. He has been in the League for two years.

C. It is two years since he joined the League.

D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.

二、 一般现在时与现在进行时的转换

n 在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如at work(在工作), at school(上学、上课)等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看:

l Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.

l Peter is working, but Mike is playing.

三、 现在进行时与一般将来时的转换

n 在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如:I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来,妈妈!”请看:

l The train is leaving soon.

l The train will leave soon.

l 四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换

n “be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事;将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中,当主语为第一人称时,常用助动词shall。在口语中,所有人称都可以用will。请看:

l We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.

l We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday.

l Ⅲ. 中考动词时态考点分析

一、 根据时间状语确定时态的原则

l 1. Hurry up! The play for ten minutes. (2002辽宁)

l A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began

l [析] 1. C。since后接时间的起点,for后接时间段,主句动词用现在完成时,应注意瞬间动词与延续性动词的使用。

二、 在复合句根据时态呼应确定时态的原则

l 2. Do you know if back next week? If he back, please let me know. (2002黑龙江 )

l A. he comes; will come B. will he come; comes

l C. he will come; comes D. will he come; will come

n [析] 2. C。if既可引导宾语从句,也可引导状语从句。充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义是“是否”。充当状语从句的连接词时,词义是“如果”。从时态看,if引导宾语从句时谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化;引导表示将来动作或状态的条件句时,若主句用一般将来时,则从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。

三、 根据上下文已有时态信息点确定时态的原则

l 3. –When this kind of computer ?

l --Last year. (2002天津)

l A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used

l [析] 3. B。此例由下句的时间状语推断出一般过去时态,并且要考虑到被动语态。

四、 利用上下文语意确定时态的原则

l 4. –Hi! Lin Tao. I didn’t see you at the party.

l --Oh, I ready for the maths exam. (2002江西)

l A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got

l [析] 4. B。此例由didn’t, at the party推断出应用过去进行时。

五、 时态中的“特殊”对策的原则

l 5. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas Day. (2002辽宁)

l A. is B. was C. has been D. will be

l [析] 5. A。 有些动词其动词的时态是“违背常理”的。如宾语从句表示的是一个客观事实或客观真理时,其时态不受主句限制而用一般现在时表示。

l Ⅳ. 中考实战题练兵

l Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the verb tense:

l 1. Mr Brown will go fishing if it (not rain) tomorrow. (2002徐州市)

l 2. I think he (be) back in a week. (2002南京市)

l 3. –Who (knock) at the door?

l --I don’t know. Let me go and see. (2002连云港市)

l 4. Bill is strict with himself. He never (leave) today’s work for tomorrow. (2002连云港市)

l 5. -- your uncle (return) the video tapes to Mr Fox?

l --No. They’re still in his bedroom. (2002南通市)

l 6. By the end of last term, they (work) there for ten years. (2002辽宁)

l 7. Mr. Wang (read) a newspaper in the office at this time yesterday. (2002上海市)

l 8. Mr. Green and his wife (live) in London for a few years before they

l (come) to work in China in 2001. (2002曲靖市)

l 9. They never knew what (happen) to the world in a hundred years. (2002南充)

l 10. About 400 years ago, Galileo(伽利略) proved that the earth (go) around the sun. (2002陕西)

(四)英语上的分词分为现在分词和过去分词。

现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于:现在分词表示"主动和进行",过去分词表示"被动和完成"(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动,只表示完成)。分词可以有自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等。

1、 分词作状语分词在句子中作状语,可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。

分词在句子中作状语,使用何种分词,要取决于分词与句子主语的关系:主谓关系用现在分词,动宾或被动关系用过去分词。

(1)现在分词The students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking.

(2)过去分词Accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station. Given better attention, the plants could grow better.

2、"while ( when, once, until, if , though等连词)+分词"结构现在分词或过去分词作状语时,有时可以在分词前加while,when, once, although, until, if等连词。

When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work……

Once recovered, he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well.

Although working very hard, he failed to pass the final exam. If translated word by word, the passage will be difficult to understand.

3、分词作定语分词作定语时,单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前,分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面。现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词(即与名词有主谓关系),过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词(即与名词是动宾关系)。

We will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund.

This is really an exhausting day to all of us!

We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight.

After a night spent in excitement and sleeplessness, I forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day.

More and more developing countries established strategic partnership with developed countries

4、分词作宾语补足语现在分词在see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find, glimpse, glance等感官动词和look at, listen to等短语动词以及have, keep, get, catch, leave, set, start, send等使役动词后面与名词或代词构成复合宾语,作宾语补语的成分。

5、分词作表语分词作表语通常看作形容词来用。现在分词表示主语的性质,而且主语多为物;过去分词表示主语的感受或状态,主语多为人。

(五)五大基本句型

英文的句子按照主词、动词、受词补语来分类,可以分成五大基本句型。 分别是:

一、S+V(主语+谓语动词)

1. Snow falls. 下雪

2. The sun rises. 太阳升起

3. The moon rose slowly.

4. He spoke loudly.

二、S+V+CSubject(主语)+Verb(动词)+Complement(补语)

即:主语+连系动词+表语

1.He is the author. 他是作者 (名词作补语)

2.Spring is here. 春天到了 (副词作补语)

3. He is in the room. 他在房间里 (介词片语作补语)

4.To see is to believe. 眼见为凭 (不定词作补语)

5.The question is what to say. 问题是要说什麼 (名词片语作补语)

6. S+感官动词+SC

The candy tastes sweet. 这糖果尝起来很甜

The milk smells sour. 这牛奶闻起来酸酸的

It sounds great. 这听起来不错

She looks suprised. 她看起来很吃惊

I feel better. 我感

三、S+V+O(Subject主语+verb动词+object宾语)

1.I want to study Math. 我想要研读数学 (受词为不定词)

2 I love her. 我爱她(受词为名词)

3. She knows that he never tells the truth. 她知道他从未说过实话 (受词为名词子句)

4. I like fishing. 我喜欢钓鱼 (受词为动名词)

四、S+V+O+C(Subject主语+Verb动词+Object宾语+Complement补语)

1. We paid him $100. 我付他100元 = We paid $100 to him.

2. I showed him my books. 我对他展示我的书=I showed my books to him.

五、S+V+O+O(Subject主语+Verb动词+Object宾语+Object宾语)

这里的不完全及物动词主要有

感官动词: see hear watch feel

使役动词: make get ask let keep

其他如: call believe consider

1. We considered him a wise person. 我认为他是一个聪明的人

2. She made me mad. 她使我生气.

3. I saw him swim across the river. 我看见他游过河

另外还有一类也可归做本句型 (介系词片语作补语 as ..., in ...)

S Vt + as O OC

1. I regard it as impossible. 我认为这是不可能的

2. I regard him as a child. 我视他为小孩

(六)英文数词的用法与读法

1. 小数是用数字来表示的,小数点后无论有多少位数也不要在中间插入逗点,小数点读作 point,小数点后面的数字要一个一个地读出。如:

3.4 读作 three point four

0.8 读作 zero point eight 或 naught point eight

30.34 读作 thirty point three four。

Birth rate was up 2.5 times in those years.

那些年出生率上升了 2.5 倍。

小数 2.5 在句中作修饰语。

Our grain output will be 3.7 times that of 1960.

我们的粮食产量将是 1960年的 3.7 倍。

小数 3.7 在句中作修饰语。

2. 百分数用percent或per cent表示,即"%"。

The price has been reduced by 20 percent (20%) since May.

自五月以来价格降低了百分之二十。

The number of visiting patients is 30%(30 percent) less than the same time last year.

就诊的患者人数较去年同期下降了百分之三十。

3. 比率的表示通常都用数字,有时亦可用文字。

The ratios of 1 to 3 and 5 to 15 are the same.

一比三和五比十五的比率是相同的。

You have a fifty to fifty chance to win the game.

你有五成的机会赢得比赛。

4. 日期及年份的表示法,如:

May 22(May the twenty-second或the twenty-second of May),也可写作 May 22nd

July 15(July the fifteenth或the fifteenth of July),也可写作 July 15th

August 1(August the first或the first of August),也可写作 August 1st

1949 读作 nineteen forty-nine

1804 读作 eighteen o four

1700 读作 seventeen hundred

2000 读作 two thousand

685 B.C. 读作 six eighty-five B.C.(before Christ)

1960's(or 1960s) 读作 nineteen sixties。

5. 时刻的表示法,如:

7:00 读作 seven o'clock或seven

9:15 读作 nine fifteen或a quarter past nine或a quarter after nine

11:26 读作 eleven twenty-six或twenty-six past eleven或twenty-six after eleven

5:30 读作 five thirty或half past five或half after five

6. 以24小时为时制的表示法,如:

08:00 读作 eight o'clock in the morning或eight o'clock a.m.

12:00 读作 twelve o'clock或midday或noon

14:15 读作 fourteen fifteen或two fifteen p.m.

24:00 读作 twelve o'clock at night或midnight

7. 单位的表达法,如:

2×3 feet 读作 two feet by three feet

2×3×6 inches 读作 two inches by three inches by six inches。

This parcel weighs 3 pounds 5 ounces.

This parcel is 3 pounds 5 ounces in weight.

这件包裹重三磅五盎司。

I bought a 4 feet by 5 feet rug.

我购买了一块长五英呎宽四英呎的地毯。

The temperature dropped to -22℃(minus twenty-two degrees Centigrade).

温度下降到摄氏零下二十二度。

His height is 178 cm.

He is 178 cm tall.

他的身高是一百七十八厘米。

The size of the box is six feet by four by three and two-thirds.

这个箱子的大小是长六英尺宽四英尺高三又三分之二英尺。

8. 一些数学表达式的读法,其中一些常见的符号如:

"+" 读作 plus 或 and;

"-" 读作 minus或from;

"×" 读作 times或multiplied by;

"÷" 读作 divided by。

5+8 =13

Five plus eight is thirteen.

五加八等于十三。

15-6 =9

Fifteen minus six is nine.

十五减六等于九。

4×5 =20

Four times five is twenty.

Four multiplied by five is twenty.

Four fives are twenty.

四乘以五等于二十。

8÷2 → 4

Eight divided by two is four.

Two in eight goes four.

八除以二等于四。

9. 电话号码、房间号、帐号、汽车牌号等按编号的顺序一个一个地读出,遇到 "0" 时读 oh,相连的两个相同的基数词可读作 double。

My office phone number is 268-8064 extension 321.

我的办公室电话是二六八八零**分机三二一.

268-8064 extension 321 读作 two six eight eight O six four extension three two one.

My account number is 38800685.

我的帐号是三八八零零六八五。

38800685 读作 three eight eight zero zero six eight five or three double eight double oh six eight five

10. 货币的读法,如:

$18.29 读作 eighteen dollars twenty-nine cents或eighteen twenty-nine

十八美元二十九美分。

$15 读作 fifteen dollars (even)

表示十五美元(整)。

C$268 读作 two hundred and sixty-eight Canadian dollars

表示二百六十八加拿大元。

JP¥10,000 读作 ten thousand Japanese Yen

表示一万日元。

11. 帝王第~世的读法,如:

William I 读作 William the First(威廉一世)

Elizabeth II 读作 Elizabeth the Second(伊利莎白二世)

12. 其他表达法,如:

World War II 读作 world war two 或 the second world war(第二次世界大战)

No.1 读作 number one(第一)

Lesson III 读作 lesson three(第三课)

Section I 读作 section one(第一节)

P.10 读作 page ten(第十页)

英语时态详解

语 法 结 构 ——时 态(时态上)

一般现在时表示现在、经常或习惯的动作或状态和普遍现象、常识或客观真理;一般过去时用于过去某一时间内发生的或过去习惯性的动作或状态;一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,将来打算做的事情;现在完成时表示过去发生的动作造成目前的结果和对现在造成的影响或表示从过去延续至今的动作、状态和习惯等;将来完成时表示将来某时之前业已完成或发生的事情;过去完成时表示过去某时间之前已经发生的动作或状况,即过去的过去。注意每一种时态与其他时态的交叉使用情况。英语共有十六种时态,其表现形式如下(以study为例):

一般时

进行时

完成时

完成进行时

现在

study

studies

am studying

is studying

are studying

have studied

has studied

have been studying

has been studying

过去

studied

was studying

were studying

had studied

had been studying

将来

shall study

will study

shall be studying

will be studying

shall have studied

will have studied

shall have been studying

will have been studying

过去将来

should study

would study

should be studying

would be studying

should have studied

would have studied

should have been studying

would have been studying

考试中出现的一般有以下几种。

I、一般现在时

一、表示一般性或经常发生的动作或状态

1) In general 〔A〕 , newspapers emphasize current news, whereas 〔B〕 magazines dealt 〔C〕 more with 〔D〕 background materials.

2) The adult mosquito usually lives for about 〔A〕 thirty days, although 〔B〕 the life span varied 〔C〕 widely with temperature, humidity, and other 〔D〕 factors of the environment.

3) Industrial buyers 〔A〕 are responsible 〔B〕 for supplying 〔C〕 the goods and services that an organization required 〔D〕 for its operations.

二、表示习惯性动作和状态或普遍的现象或常识

4) It is an accepted 〔A〕 custom in west countries that 〔B〕 men removed 〔C〕 their hats when a woman enters 〔D〕 the room.

5) Certain layers of the atmosphere have special names .

〔A〕which indicated their character properties

〔B〕whose characteristic properties were indicating

〔C〕what characterize their indicated properties

〔D〕that indicate their characteristic properties

三、表示客观事实、客观规律和客观真理。在宾语从句中,即使主句的谓语动词用了过去时,只要从句表示的是客观真理,从句的谓语动词也要用一般现在时

6) The teacher told them since 〔A〕 light travels faster than 〔B〕 sound, lightning appeared 〔C〕 to go before 〔D〕 thunder.

7) As 〔A〕 a child, I was told that 〔B〕 the planet earth, which has 〔C〕 its own satellite, the moon, moved 〔D〕 round the sun.

四、祈使句必须用动词原形,其否定结构用“don't+动词原形”,如:Go and fetch some water. / Don't do that.

五、在反义疑问句中,如果主句用肯定句,那么,反问句用否定形式;如果主句用否定形式,那么,反问句就用肯定形式。而且前后在时态上要一致。但祈使疑问句用won't you?进行反问。如:See a film tonight, won't you?

注:① 祈使句后边可用附加疑问句,以加强语气。如果祈使句用肯定形式,附加疑问句用否定形式;如果祈使句用否定形式,附加句用肯定形式;如: Come here next Sunday, won't you? / Don't tell it to anyone, will you? ② 但如果祈使句的前一句有了表示强烈[ZZ(]肯定[ZZ)]的语言环境,即使祈使句用了肯定形式,其附加成分也可以用“will you”(表示肯定,如果是在口语中用降调)。如:Give me the book, will you?

六、例题解析

1) C错。“in general”表示“一般”,所以主句用一般现在时,并列从句的谓语也是表示一般性,所以C处也应用一般现在时,故将其改为deal,而不是过去时dealt。

2) C错。本句的主从句中的“usually”表示“经常”,用一般现在时;而让步状语从句的谓语也是表示同一情况,所以也应当用一般现在时。故把C处的 varied改为varies。

3) D错。本句表述的是一般状况,前面的主句用的是现在时,后面的定语从句也应用现在时,应将required改为 requires。

4) C错。这里“it”是形式主语,代表主语从句“that…”,既然主句表示习惯(“an accepted custom”),那么谓语就应当用一般现在时,而不能用过去时。所以将C处的removed改为remove。

5) D为正确答案。本句表述的也是自然现象,主句和从句都应用一般现在时,故A和B都不对;C不合语法,以“what”引导的从句不能作定语,只有D正确,这里“that”引导定语从句,修饰前边的名词“names”。

6) C错。本句宾语从句所表述的是客观事实,即“…light travels faster than sound,”虽然主句谓语动词用的是过去式“told”,从句也要用一般现在时,所以把C处的appeared改为appears。

7) D错。虽然主句的主语用了过去时“was told”,其宾语从句表示的是“地球绕着太阳转”这一客观规律,所以将D处的moved改为moves。注意:不能将C处的has改为had,因为这也是表示客观事实,也得用一般现在时。

II一般过去时

一、一般过去时主要表示过去某一时刻发生的动作或情况,句中通常有表示过去某一时刻的状语 a day ago, last week, in 1996, during the night, in anceint times等,表示“过多少时间之后”用after, 但在现在完成时中用in, 如in the past few years等

1) How many people remember 〔A〕 listening 〔B〕 to Orson Welles' 1938 radio broadcast 〔C〕 , “ The War of the Worlds”, which convince 〔D〕 thousands that space aliens(外星人) had invaded the Earth?

2) The instructor had gone over 〔A〕 the problems many times 〔B〕 before 〔C〕 the students will take 〔D〕 the final examination.

3) Anthropologists agree 〔A〕 that our primitive ancestors 〔B〕 who inhabit 〔C〕 the tropics probably have natural protection against 〔D〕 the Sun.

二、例题解析

1) D错,改用过去时 convinced,因此处表述的是过去(1938年)所发生的情况,而现在则不是这样。“which”引导的从句修饰“…1938 radio breadcast”。

2) D错。由于主句使用的是过去完成时,表示在 过去 的某一动作发生之前,本句中的“before…”从句引导一个表示过去的时间状语。所以状语从句的谓语应用过去时态,应把将来时“will take”改为一般过去时took,以便和主句的过去完成时呼应。

3) C错,改为inhabited,既然是“我们的祖先 居住 的热带地区”,“居住”这一动作发生在过去,所以要用过去时。这里也要提醒大家:做语法题不仅要看特定的提示词如时间状语等,关键还在于读懂句子的意思。如,虽然本句的主语还是同一表示过去的名词主语“primitive ancestors”,其谓语动词就用现在时“have”。“我们的祖先有……”,这里的“有”,是现在我们看来的一种事实,所以用一般现在时。

III 一般将来时

一、一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或状况

1) But the weather experts 〔A〕 are now paying more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected 〔B〕 by only a few degrees of warming: in other words, by a warming on the scale that would 〔C〕 possibly take place in the next fifty years from the burning 〔D〕 of fuels.(92年阅读理解题)

2) If traffic problems are not solved soon 〔A〕 , driving 〔B〕 in 〔C〕 cities becomes 〔D〕 impossible.

二、在表示时间和条件的状语从句中,一般现在时代替一般将来时。这些时间副词有when, as soon as等,表示条件的连词有if,as long as等。

3 ) A desert area that has been 〔A〕 without water 〔B〕 for six years will still 〔C〕 bloom when rain will come 〔D〕 .

4) Come and see me whenever .(84年考题)

〔A〕 you are convenient 〔B〕 you will be convenient

〔C〕 it is convenient to you〔D〕 it will be convenient to you

5) The task is extremely difficult. If no one able to do it, we will have to find somebody else.

〔A〕 were

〔B〕 was

〔C〕 is

〔D〕 would

注意:如果这些副词或连词引导的是名词从句作宾语而不是状语从句时,这些名词从句的谓语动词则用该用的时态:I don't know when he will come.而且表示将来的助动词will还可以用以条件从句中,译为“愿意、肯”等。

三、一些表示方向及变化的瞬间动词可用进行时或现在时表示将要发生的动作

We leave (are leaving) for California the day after tomorrow.我们(计划)后天动身去加利福尼亚州。

May I have your attention please. The plane for Wuhan is about to take off.请注意,飞往武汉的飞机就要起飞了。

四、另外,“be +to +动词原形”也可表示打算做的事,还可表示责任、意向和可能性

You are to follow the doctor’s advice.你应遵从医嘱。

No shelter was to be seen.找不到避难处。

五、例题解析

1) C错,改为will。本题有表示将来的时间状语“in the next fifty years…”,所以谓语用一般将来时。

2) D错。由于从句中有表示时间的状语“soon”(不久,不远的将来),主句的谓语也是在这一时间发生,所以要用将来时,那么D改为will become。

3) D错。本句主语是A desert area…will still bloom,状语从句是由when引导,表示“雨季到来时”,从句的谓语应用一般现在时表示将来,所以将C处的will come改为comes。

4) 正确答案为C。本题除了时态上的问题(即不用一般将来时)之外还涉及到主语和它的表语的逻辑问题。根据上述语法特点,首先排除B和D;题中“convenient”是“方便的”之意。虽然汉语“在你方便的时候”,似乎“方便”的主语是“你”,但在英语中就不是那么回事儿,“convenient”的英文的解释是“(sth) suited to personal ease or comfort or to easy performance of some act or function”(某事或物对某人来说感到舒适或容易作),其主语应是“物”而不是“人”。本题应选C。所以学英语时,不仅要懂英语单词的汉语译文,更重要的是掌握英语单词的内涵与用法。建议身边备一个“英英”字典,如Longman Dictionary of Comtempory English。

5) C为正确答案。理由同上。

高三英语单选题(高三英语单选题 跪求答案!!!!!!!)

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